As time rolled on, Teddy Roosevelt became president, the Titanic sank, and the automobile became pervasive. Women gained the right to vote, prohibition hit, and there were two world wars and many assassinations. People landed on the moon, and much more history played out, including my birth in and my conversion to a bottle-digger in Figure A 19th century advertising card from the Wildenstein Glassworks, founded in , which manufactured bottles of all kinds, including Dame Jeannes.
Your bottle is a snapped-off lip. Sheared lips are different as they are cut with shears like scissors. Snapped off or burst off, either term is correct. It starts with it most likely being blown at the Wildenstein Glasshouse in northeast France between and by skilled craftsmen with their peculiar and unique method of finishing off the lip. Perhaps there, or at another site, weavers would have applied their unusual rope-like wicker covering. I guess that, unlike the bruin brown bombonnes from Wildenstein that were used for chemicals, my bottle may have held water from a renowned European spring that was shipped perhaps by an early steamer as a commercial product to the United States.
Still, I am fortunate and appreciative to be the current guardian of this extraordinary artifact. Following up on the success of the Dame Jeanne research, I once again turned to Facebook and my go-to bottle expert, Helena Von Drakenstein. Both molds are scarce but available in a wide range of colors. Collectors consider these bottles quite desirable, especially in an unusual color like citron. The latter sold in March Note the similarities in mold and color. It is unusual that a glasshouse making commercial bottles at this late a date at the end of the hand-blown era would produce such a bubbly vat of glass.
This particular instance resulted in this odd, one-off delivery of bubbly, citron master ink bottles. The citron variant, missing here, is not as common. The color citron is named after the fruit of the same name. July — August 39 Figure The citron fruit, from whence comes the color. Are there any glass experts among the readers of this magazine who can tell us precisely what elements go into a batch of glass to color it citron, as opposed to aqua, for example?
My research indicates naturally occurring iron in the sand used to make glass can result in aqua shades. Yellow can be made by adding lead or cadmium sulfide, while greens can be produced by adding iron oxide. I have seen several other examples of what appear to be one-off runs of citron from other popular typically aqua glass products in this late s to early s period, including Dr.
I am also depicting an example of an s standard aqua Budweiser next to a far scarcer citron example. Were there forces in the industry, perhaps influenced by the providers of the materials needed to make citron glass, looking to replace standard aquamarine glass? Maybe there were sporadic shortages of the ingredients that went into coloring glass.
Still, I can find no significant war, political, or economic influences that would have had this type of impact during this time. I would love to hear from a reader who knows the answers to these questions. Figure Scarce citron s Budweiser next to a standard aqua example Tim Henson collection.
Founded in , the company lasted until , when it was sold to the Dennison Manufacturing Co. Some Western arabesques derive from Islamic art, but others are closely based on ancient Roman decorations. It would seem obvious to consumers that the product, headquartered in Cambridge, MA, was made in this country. Regardless, perhaps as an act of patriotism on the part of the company or as a marketing ploy to appeal to customers, the powers that be decided to include it. Did one company influence the other to do this, and, if so, which was first?
Not quite the price range Daniel or I anticipated, but perhaps it would do better at a big online auction. Regardless, the diverse and intriguing stories of the Dame Jeanne and the master ink, two bottles dug on a late summer day in , made this an exhilarating experience I will never forget. Note the quart and half quart labeled master ink bottles on the shelves. Thus pi 3. One gallon weighs 8. The bottle is close to five pounds, so the total weight of the Dame Jeanne filled was around 31 pounds.
Hotel rooms will go fast! If these earthen vessels could speak, what stories would they tell? They are both objects of beauty and history. As a privy digger one who digs old outhouse pits for trash from the past , digging for artifacts or tangible pieces of the past is to open a time capsule.
Once an artifact is unearthed, the mystery begins—where was it made, who made it, what was it used for, and how long was the company in business? Dave Potter and I share this unusual hands-on quest for knowledge of the past, and it is the research that satiates the hunger for knowledge. Every September and May, a stoneware collectors group meets in Bennington, Vermont. A member conducts a lecture on a specific stoneware manufacturer or a specific region where stoneware was made.
Rare six gallon stoneware crock with cobalt blue decoration of a pheasant, C. Braun, Buffalo, New York, circa William C. Could I unearth new information unknown about our Queen City potteries? Could I make these inanimate objects speak of their rich historical past? Potters were making earthenware and redware in the United States from the very beginning of colonial times. They used clay that was available in their region.
Most clay in the United States is of inferior quality and cannot withstand the high temperatures required to make heavier, longer-lasting, nonporous stoneware. Remember, there were no refrigerators, Tupperware, or Saran Wrap. The opening of the Erie Canal in changed that.
Crocker Farm potters discovered the shiny salt glaze when they fueled their kiln with old barrels from herring that contained salt. Sodium from salt combines with quartz from the clay to produce a glassy, shiny impervious coating of the stoneware.
Homemakers and whiskey proprietors alike were happy to pay the higher price. No other information or artifacts from this pottery exist. Godfrey Heiser was the first marked stoneware manufacturer in the city of Buffalo. He was a German immigrant born in Schwalbach, Germany, in The Germans used cobalt salts that could withstand the high temperatures of the kiln, some 2, degrees Fahrenheit, to decorate their stoneware wares with simple floral and leaf patterns and birds and animals on special occasions.
Godfrey arrived from Philadelphia in , taking a canal boat from Albany to Buffalo via the newly established July — August [Above] Very rare stoneware churn with cobalt civil war soldier smoking a pipe. Stamped C. Erie Canal. His first business endeavor was a lime kiln on Exchange Street.
In he started a pottery at East Seneca Street, east of Michigan. John Vogelsang was involved in a litigation suit and promised to move to Ohio. On December 12, , a similar advertisement appeared under the firm name of G. Heiser, G. Doane, and A. A marked 2-gallon ovoid jug also bears the last names of the three proprietors. In only Heiser and Doane were in partnership, verified by a jug incised with their names. Heiser Co Buffalo. From the the Henry Ford Museum collection. This fish has an arrow in its mouth pointing to the right.
Is the fish a Christian symbol of Christ? Is the arrow pointing to the right a symbol for protection, thus meaning Christ is our Protector? Here lies some of the mystery in deciphering these hieroglyphics. There is no mistake in the meaning here: the man is a pig; thus, a horse is not pulling the sleigh but a pig.
Detailed artistic pieces such as this were the rarity, not the norm, as this took time away from producing more pots. In Godfrey transferred the pottery to Phillip Mugler and started a brewery with John Holzer on the same site as the pottery between Seneca and Carroll Streets.
In the hot summer months, brewers could not brew as the beer would spoil without refrigeration. This business co-partnership helped keep the Heisers employed year round. In they dissolved their partnership, and G. Heiser became the sole proprietor. Godfrey came from a family of 11 siblings, and three of them joined him in America—his brothers Henry, John, and sister Elizabeth. Henry was a soldier who fought against Napoleon in the Battle of Waterloo.
In he lost three children to cholera. Henry was a cooper by trade. There are marked stoneware pieces bearing the name H. Heiser, but only one decorated floral piece is known in the John Burton collection. In the brewery business was passed down to Godfrey Jr. An city directory lists a Jacob Heart working as a potter for Godfrey Heiser. He does appear in Chambersburg, Pennsylvania as a potter making earthenware and passed in There are earthenware pieces attributed to him and a signed bedpan.
Phillip Mugler was born in Strasburg, the German part of France. There are more pieces marked J. Heiser than any of the other marks. Whether it was John Sr. When he took over the pottery in , it was known as P. The company was John Heiser. They were partners until John died in They were both involved in the brewing trade, and there are known P. Mugler-incised stoneware beer bottles. In Phillip became a grocer at Seneca and Hamburg Street.
The Heiser tombs are adorned with Masonic symbols. Researching this clue, I discovered they belonged to the second German-speaking sect of Freemasons formed in Buffalo. While the dead do not speak, their proximity to each other tells us of a close familial relationship they shared in the stoneware and brewery business and in the joys and trials of everyday life.
An city directory shows a potter, Christian G. Bruehl, living with and working for John Heiser. Christian was a Wurttemberg potter. In he lived with Charles W Braun, who took over the Heiser pottery. Was Christian a relative to the other potters or just hired for his skills as a potter?
Genealogical research thus far does not show any relationship, but it is very plausible as he was living with Braun. Oddly, the Heiser pottery was only blocks away from the ship canal, where clay could easily be transported to the pottery via wagon. Christian would have had much more expense getting the clay to his pottery. In his pottery burned, and he became a grocer briefly. Christian was active in German singing societies, the Saengerbund and Liedertafel, of which Braun was also an active member.
Bruehl rebuilt his pottery and maintained it until , when he returned to work for Braun. We unearthed the privy on this site, hoping to find some marked pieces. We filled a bucket full of shards. Bruehl-marked stoneware is very rare. Our efforts were not wasted.
Looking at one shard with just a smidge of cobalt blue, we could tell comparing it to an intact piece that it matched his workmanship. He tended to overfire the kiln, and the cobalt would blister. Another feature of his pots was a groove encompassing the pot, so other shards also could be attributed based on the grooves. Decorated with a large cross hatch flower design in cobalt blue. July — August Continued Fuchs Brothers Braun Buffalo, N. Driving home, I passed three deer at a vacant lot on Shumway and Peckham.
Never did deer roam when I lived in the area forty years ago; no, probably not since Bruehl ran his kiln over years ago. Christian became a policeman at one point and ended his career working for The Buffalo Pottery Company from to Stoneware potters could not compete with the lighter-weight, mass-produced porcelain being produced.
In Charles W. Braun bought the kiln from Heiser. Charles married John Heiser Jrs. He was later adopted and named John Braun. According to Ancestry. There are no records of a divorce. Braun had a relative, Frederick, also listed as a potter.
Besides flowers, he had birds, roosters—a symbol of agrarian society, and stags—a symbol of the wilderness. Potters added personality to animals with startling and humorous results often influenced by circuses that came through town.
Frequently, potters were inspired by current events in their local town. Other rare detailed Braun pieces include a 5-gallon churn depicting a dog. On December 21, , Charles was playing with his children outside when he moved to catch one of them. It was then that their family dog jumped up and bit Charles on the lip, severely cutting him and requiring stitches. That was the last of Rover as the paper stated he now lay where the snow lays.
Was this churn in memory of a beloved pet? David Potter stoneware examples. Another rare crock depicts a Civil War soldier smoking a clay pipe. Any stoneware decorated with people, buildings, and animals other than birds is considered very rare among collectors and historians.
A crock featuring an onion, carrot, and potato may have been celebrating a fruitful harvest season. One of the most mysterious crocks features a branch with arrows in each corner pointing downward. Was this a crock designed to commemorate a deceased loved one? Willow trees were 49 frequently engraved on tombs as a symbol of immortality and represented the mourning of a loved one.
Downward arrows are symbols of peace. Potters also made one-of-a-kind presentation pieces to commemorate historical events like world fairs. There are no pictures of the old potteries or records of who decorated their stoneware.
He rests with his wife, Augusta, in Forest Lawn Cemetery. There are many advertising incised jugs featuring grocers, druggists, and whiskey proprietors. Based on some of the decorated floral designs, we can attribute them to certain potteries based on similarities in the design. Lee Hargreave, manufacturing soap and candles. In they purchased a brewery from Captain Myndert M. Dox of the War of Breweries produced a large amount of ash to germinate the barley to make malt.
Perhaps this ash was then used to produce their soap and candles. An ovoid jar advertising the R. Of the first, Mrs. Pratt had, as usual, a good winter supply consisting of native crabapples, wild plums, berries, etc. Earthenware was made from local clays and fired at a much lower temperature in the kiln.
It was much thinner, porous, and more fragile than salt-glazed stoneware. Salt-glazed stoneware was not possible until superior clay from Long Island and New Jersey could be shipped via the Erie Canal. They were proprietors selling horse saddles and later paint with Letchworth, donating his land that became Letchworth State Park. When unearthing artifacts from a privy, more often than not, any stoneware retrieved is nothing but shards, but on rare occasions, a piece is retrieved unscathed by the ravages of time.
Braun Buffalo NY. He informed me that he was saloon owner Charles Abel of Ohio Street from to , which made perfect sense. It was only blocks away from where it was unearthed. If it could speak, this tangible piece would tell tales of merciless storms on the Great Lakes, and the sailors who survived their wrath needing its healing power to calm their nerves.
Or grain scoopers who needed this elixir, fire water, to alleviate their aches and pains after a twelve-hour shift. The potteries are long gone, with no known pictures, but the jugs and crocks that remain are folk art for the people who are fortunate to obtain them. Folk art that speaks volumes if we just listen or take the time to read about the master potters and the mud they turned into utilitarian art for the people.
Directions: Just east of Poughkeepsie Between Rts. You want Moore information? Read this! Some light haze. Area of chipping on the mouth due to the design of the closure, with the stopper seating deeply into the mouth, these were prone to prying chips on the lip.
This jar was made in Fislerville now Clayton , New Jersey. Perhaps it has moved around the country, but—for now—is back in New Jersey, only about 67 miles from where it was made. So, in years, it moved like a glass turtle. Wilson of Williamstown, N. Patent on June 20, , and the second being 33,, issued on Dec.
The first patent was for an elaborate metal stopper assembly, which was designed to fit into the channeled neck of a specially-designed glass jar. No examples of this jar or stopper are known to exist today. The second patent Dec 3, was assigned jointly to both Mr. Wilson and to the glass manufacturer John M. Moore of Fislerville, N. The subject jar, embossed on the reverse with the J.
The glass lid on this jar also retains the June 20, patent date. The June date might have simply been used in error. Now, she has an answer. Her absence in poker is something she hasn't taken lightly. While away from the table, Duke worked on her mindset in preparation for a return with a new attitude.
If I lose, then I'll just go home to my family earlier. I really had that in the back of my mind as I was playing and that is a terrible attitude to have. It shouldn't be cool if you lose. You should really want to win. It was a real turning point for me. I had to decide that I wanted to play poker because that's what I wanted to do. I asked myself, 'Do I really want to keep doing this?
Do I really want to be a poker player? It was a new Duke with a new desire to prove that she can actually play. She also reasserts herself as poker's most visible woman a year after GoDaddy girl Vanessa Rousso seemed poised to start staking such a claim with her second-place finish in this same tournament. Duke had some strong words of praise for Rousso despite an early elimination this year. She did some things I wish I could do. I learned a lot from playing with her during much of Day 2.
Vanessa had one of the best years in poker last year and there's not many players that can be on the same level as her. Granted that there are more players in total, but the ratio is the same now. On Day 2, she quickly disposed of Darvin Moon before winning a see-saw battle with Paul Wasicka that seems likely to get some television time. On Day 3, Duke won three matches, beating world champion Jerry Yang, Dennis Phillips and finally close friend Erik Seidel to capture the championship.
If he won, I was going to be as happy as if I won, and I'm serious about that. In the second match, Duke freely admitted that Seidel outplayed her.
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